BSc: Mechanics And Machines

Mechanics and Machines

• Course name: Mechanics and Machines
• Course number:
• Knowledge area: Mechanical engineering, modeling and design of mechanisms and machines

Course Characteristics

Key concepts of the class

• Mechanical engineering: Methods of calculation and design of mechanisms and machines

What is the purpose of this course?

The development of any classes of robots and the use of robots in industry requires the engineer to have knowledge and skills in the analysis and synthesis of mechanisms, the dynamic calculation of mechanisms and machines, the calculation of strength and rigidity, the ability to read drawings and work in modern CAD and CAE systems.

The purpose of the course is to give broad basic knowledge in mechanical engineering and to show the modern capabilities of computer technology for solving engineering problems. The course covers topics such as the strength of materials and the theory of mechanisms and machines. The objective of the course is to provide knowledge and skills that are useful in the development of new robots, and are also necessary for the effective use of industrial robots for various types of material processing.

Prerequisites

Linear algebra, vectors and matrices, partial derivatives, ODE, Theoretical Mechanics CSE203 — Mathematical Analysis II: Linear algebra, vectors and matrices, partial derivatives. CSE205 — Differential Equations

- What should a student remember at the end of the course?

By the end of the course, the students should be able to remember and recognize

• Various types of joining machine parts,
• Various methods of manufacturing machine parts and processing their surfaces,
• Various types of mechanisms and their scope,
• Various types of gears and their main characteristics,
• The main problems of the structural, kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms,
• Fundamental principles of strength of materials,
• The main problems of strength and stiffness calculation.

- What should a student be able to understand at the end of the course?

By the end of the course, the students should be able to describe and explain

• How to read engineering drawings,
• How to choose a method of joining machine parts,
• How to choose the type of gears,
• How to conduct structural, kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms,
• How to balance mechanisms,
• How to choose the shape of the machine part depending on the type of loading,
• How to evaluate the strength and stiffness of machine parts

- What should a student be able to apply at the end of the course?

By the end of the course, the students should be able to

• Design simple machinery using a CAD system
• Perform kinematic and dynamic calculations of mechanisms and machines
• Synthesize and optimize mechanisms in accordance with specified requirements
• Perform strength and stiffness calculations manually and using a CAD system

Course evaluation

Course grade breakdown

		Proposed points
Labs/seminar classes	20	10
Interim performance assessment	30	50
Exams	50	40

The course grades are given according to the following rules: Research project = 50 pts, Quizzes (5) = 10 pts, Midterm exam = 20 pts, Final exam 20 pts.

Grades range

Course grading range

		Proposed range
A. Excellent	90-100
B. Good	75-89
C. Satisfactory	60-74
D. Poor	0-59

Resources and reference material

Main textbook:

• Michael M. Stanišic Mechanisms and Machines: Kinematics, Dynamics, and Synthesis, 2015
• Dietmar Gross et al. Engineering Mechanics 2: Mechanics of Materials, 2018

Other reference material:

• Vitor Dias da Silva Mechanics and Strength of Materials 2006
• Frolov K.V. at al. Teoriya mechanizmov i mashin 1987 - in Russian
• Artobolevski I.I. Teoriya mechanizmov i mashin 1988 - in Russian
• Artobolevski I.I., Edelstein B.V. Sbornik zadach po teorii mechanizmov i mashin 1975 - in Russian
• Jukov V.G. Mechanika. Soprotivlenie materialov 2012 - in Russian
• Volmir A.S. at al. Sbornik zadach po soprotivleniu materialov 1984 - in Russian
• Mary Kathryn Thompson, John Martin Thompson ANSYS Mechanical APDL for Finite Element Analysis, 2017
• Alawadhi, Esam M. Finite element simulations using ANSYS, 2016
• Fedorova N.N. at al. Osnovy paboty v ANSYS 17, 2017 - in Russian

Course Sections

The main sections of the course and approximate hour distribution between them is as follows:

Course Sections

Section	Section Title	Teaching Hours
1	Introduction to Engineering	10
2	Theory of mechanisms and machines	10
3	Strength of materials	10

Section 1

Section title:

Introduction to Engineering

Topics covered in this section:

• Reading engineering drawings.
• Types of joining machine parts.
• Overview of axles, shafts, bearings, couplings.
• Overview of materials used in mechanical engineering.
• Overview of parts manufacturing methods.
• Overview of surface treatments.
• Application of CAD / CAE systems for the design of machine parts.

What forms of evaluation were used to test students’ performance in this section?

	Yes/No
Development of individual parts of software product code	0
Homework and group projects	1
Midterm evaluation	1
Testing (written or computer based)	1
Reports	0
Essays	0
Oral polls	1
Discussions	0

Typical questions for ongoing performance evaluation within this section

1. Make projections the part according to its 3D model or image.
2. Make a 3D model of the part according to its drawing.
3. Suggest a method of manufacturing a part according to its drawing and description.
4. Suggest a way to connect parts according to their description.
5. Suggest a method for transmitting movement in a machinery by describing its functions.

Typical questions for seminar classes (labs) within this section

1. Analyze the parts of a given mechanism or construction.
2. Using a CAD-system, make solid-state 3D-models of parts of a given mechanism or construction
3. Make a 3D model of the assembly of a given mechanism or construction
4. Make and describe drawings of parts of a given mechanism or construction

Test questions for final assessment in this section

1. Describe the principles of solid modeling in CAD systems.
2. Describe the scope, advantages and disadvantages of various ways of joining machine parts.
3. Describe the scope, advantages and disadvantages of various bearings.
4. Describe the basic methods for manufacturing parts and processing their surfaces, their advantages and disadvantages.

Section 2

Section title:

Theory of mechanisms and machines

Topics covered in this section:

• Structural analysis of mechanisms
• Kinematic analysis of mechanisms
• Kinematic analysis of gears
• Force and dynamic analysis of mechanisms
• Dynamic characteristics of machines
• Synthesis of mechanisms
• Balancing mechanisms
• Vibration and vibration protection
• Application of CAD / CAE systems for kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms

What forms of evaluation were used to test students’ performance in this section?

	Yes/No
Development of individual parts of software product code	0
Homework and group projects	1
Midterm evaluation	1
Testing (written or computer based)	1
Reports	0
Essays	0
Oral polls	1
Discussions	0

Typical questions for ongoing performance evaluation within this section

1. Propose the structure of the mechanism for the implementation of the given functions
2. Calculate the trajectories, velocities and accelerations of specific points and links of the mechanism
3. Calculate gear transfer functions
4. Calculate the forces arising in the mechanism during its movement
5. Calculate mechanism balancing parameters
6. Make a 3D model of the mechanism in a CAD system, check its operability

Typical questions for seminar classes (labs) within this section

1. Apply kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms and gears.
2. Perform a synthesis of mechanisms to implement the specified functions.
3. Make engine selection according to dynamic characteristics.
4. Calculate balancing mechanisms, including the use of flywheels.
5. Perform vibration analysis and vibration protection design.

Test questions for final assessment in this section

1. Describe the different types of gears, their advantages and disadvantages.
2. Describe the method of selecting the type of gears.
3. Describe the main problems of structural, kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanisms.
4. Describe the methods of kinematic and dynamic analysis on the example of a given mechanism.
5. Describe the methods of balancing mechanisms

Section 3

Section title:

Strength of materials

Topics covered in this section:

• Introduction to the resistance of materials
• Stresses and deformations
• Stretching and compression
• Pure shift
• Torsion
• Bending
• Dynamic loads
• Cyclic loads

What forms of evaluation were used to test students’ performance in this section?

	Yes/No
Development of individual parts of software product code	0
Homework and group projects	1
Midterm evaluation	0
Testing (written or computer based)	1
Reports	0
Essays	0
Oral polls	1
Discussions	0

Typical questions for ongoing performance evaluation within this section

1. Calculate stresses and strains in a bar loaded with stretching or compressive force.
2. Calculate stresses in shear stresses in riveted or welded joints.
3. Calculate stress and strain of a shaft loaded with torque.
4. Calculate stress and strain of a beam loaded with bending moments.
5. Using a CAD system, calculate stresses and deformations of parts of the developed mechanism.

Typical questions for seminar classes (labs) within this section

1. Apply methods of resistance of materials to assess the operability of parts in cases of simple loading.
2. Apply a CAD system to calculate and evaluate the operability of parts in cases of complex loading.
3. Design and optimize the shape of parts depending on the conditions of their loading.
4. Apply a method for evaluating the durability and reliability of parts.

Test questions for final assessment in this section

1. Describe the fundamental principles and basic laws of strength of materials.
2. Describe the calculation method for strength and stiffness in cases of stretching/compression, shift, torsion and bending.
3. Describe the method of selecting the shape of the machine part, depending on the type of loading.
4. Describe methods for evaluating the durability and reliability of machine parts.